MicroVision 
 
CAPSULES
Some bacteria, such as the Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria shown in these 1000 X images, produce capsules. Capsules are made of sticky substances such as polysaccharides that are secreted by the bacteria and adhere to the cell. Capsules inhibit phagocytosis in the infected host and thus enhance survival of the bacteria. Anthony's method, a negative staining technique, was used to make the capsules visible in these images. Utilizing crystal violet and copper sulfate, Anthony's method results in a dark purple background and purple rod-shaped Klebsiella bacteria surrounded by white (refractile) capsules. 

Click on each image to see the enlarged version.
 
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© 1998